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Selected References

Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Petri A, Satyamurthy N, Liu J, Huang SC, Small GW, Cole GM, Barrio JR. In vitro detection of (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen binding to plaques in the Alzheimer's brain using the positron emission tomography molecular imaging probe 2-(1-[6-[(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl]ethylidene)malononitrile. Neuroscience 2003; 117: 723-30.

Age-Related Eye Disease Study Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8. Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119: 1417-36.

Aisen PS, Schafer KA, Grundman M, Pfeiffer E, Sano M, Davis KL, Farlow MR, Jin S, Thomas RG, Thal LJ, for the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Effects of rofecoxib or naproxen vs. placebo on Alzheimer disease progression. JAMA 2003; 289: 2819-2826.

Andel R, Crowe M, Pedersen NL, Mortimer J, Crimmins E, Johansson B, Gatz M. Complexity of Work and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Population-Based Study of Swedish Twins. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 2005; 60: 251-258.

Bard F, Barbour R, Cannon C, Carretto R, Fox M, Games D, Guido T, Hoenow K, Hu K, Johnson-Wood K, Khan K, Kholodenko D, Lee C, Lee M, Motter R, Nguyen M, Reed A, Schenk D, Tang P, Vasquez N, Seubert P, Yednock T. Epitope and isotype specificities of antibodies to beta-amyloid peptide for protection against Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 2023-8.

Bastianetto S, Ramassamy C, Dore S, Christen Y, Poirier J, Quirion R. The gingko biloba extract (EGb 761) protects hippocampal neurons against cell death induced by beta-amyloid. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12: 1882-90.

Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Schneider JA, Evans DA, Mendes de Leon CF, Arnold SE, Barnes LL, Bienias JL. Education modifies the relation of AD pathology to level of cognitive function in older persons. Neurology 2003;60:1909-1915.

Brinton RD. A women's health issue: Alzheimer's disease and strategies for maintaining cognitive health. Int J Fertil Womens Med 1999; 44: 174-85.

Dodart JC, Bales KR, Gannon KS, Greene SJ, DeMattos RB, Mathis C, DeLong CA, Wu S, Wu X, Holtzman DM, Paul SM. Immunization reverses memory deficits without reducing brain Abeta burden in Alzheimer's disease model. Nat Neuroscience 2002; 5: 452-7.

Evans DB, Rank KB, Bhattacharya K, Thomsen DR, Gurney ME, Sharma SK. Tau phosphorylation at serine 396 and serine 404 by human recombinant tau protein kinase inhibits Tau's ability to promote microtubule assembly. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 24877-83.

Forette F, Seux ML, Staessen JA, Thijs L, Babarskiene MR, Babeanu S, Bossini A, Fagard R, Gil-Extremera B, Laks T, Kobalava Z, Sarti C, Tuomilehto J, Vanhanen H, Webster J, Yodfat Y, Birkenhager WH; Systolic Hypertension in Europe Investigators. The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 2046-52.

Green RC, Cupples LA, Kurz A, Auerbach S, Go R, Sadovnick D, Duara R, Kukull WA, Chui H, Edeki T, Griffith PA, Friedland RP, Bachman D, Farrer L. Depression as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease: the MIRAGE Study. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 753-9.

Hendrie HC, Albert MS, Butters MA, Gao S, Knopman DS, Launer LJ, Yaffe K, Cuthbert BN, Edwards E, Wagster MV. The NIH Cognitive and Emotional Health Project. Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2006; 2:12-32.

Hendrie HC, Ogunniyi A, Hall KS, Baiyewu O, Unverzagt FW, Gureje O, Gao S, Evans RM, Ogunseyinde AO, Adeyinka AO, Musick B, Hui SL. Incidence of dementia and Alzheimer disease in 2 communities: Yoruba residing in Ibadan, Nigeria, and African Americans residing in Indianapolis, Indiana. JAMA 2001; 285: 739-47.

Hock C, Konietzko U, Streffer JR, Tracy J, Signorell A, Muller-Tillmanns B, Lemke U, Henke K, Moritz E, Garcia E, Wollmer MA, Umbricht D, de Quervain DJ, Hofmann M, Maddalena A, Papassotiropoulos A, Nitsch RM. Antibodies against beta-amyloid slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2003; 38: 547-54.

Jick H, Zornberg GL, Jick SS, Seshadri S, Drachman DA. Statins and the risk of dementia. Lancet 2000; 356: 1627-31.

Khachaturian AS , Zandi PP, Lyketsos CG, Hayden KM, et al Antihypertensive Medication Use and Incident Alzheimer Disease: The Cache County Study. Arch Neurol. March 2006. E-pub before print.

Kim H, Xu J, Su Y, Xia H, Li L, Peterson G, Murphy-Ulrich J, Barnes S. Actions of the soy phytoestrogen genistein in models of human chronic disease: potential involvement of transforming growth factor beta. Biochem Soc Trans 2001; 1: 216-22.

Kivipelto M, Ngandu T, Fratiglioni L, Viitanen M, Kareholt I, Winblad B, Helkala EL, Tuomilehto J, Soininen H, Nissinen A. Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2005; 62(10): 1556-60.

Klunk WE, Engler H, Nordberg A, Wang Y, Blomqvist G, Holt DP, Bergstrom M, Savitcheva I, Huang GF, Estrada S, Ausen B, Debnath ML, Barletta J, Price JC, Sandell J, Lopresti BJ, Wall A, Koivisto P, Antoni G, Mathis CA, Langstrom B. Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer's disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B. Ann Neurol. 2004; 55(3): 306-19.

Lim GP, Yang F, Chu T, Chen P, Beech W, Teter B, Tran T, Ubeda O, Ashe KH, Frautschy SA, Cole GM. Ibuprofen suppresses plaque pathology and inflammation in a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 5709-14.

Martyn CN, Coggon DN, Inskip H, Lacey RF, Young WF. Aluminum concentrations in drinking water and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Epidemiology 1997; 8: 281-6.

Miller BC, Eckman EA, Sambamurti K, Dobbs N, Chow KM, Eckman CB, Hersh LB, Thiele DL. Amyloid-beta peptide levels in brain are inversely correlated with insulysin activity levels in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 6221-6.

Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Bennett DA, Aggarwal N, Schneider J, Wilson RS. Dietary fats and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 194-200.

Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Bennett DA, Aggarwal N, Wilson RS, Scherr PA. Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study. JAMA 2002; 287: 3230-7.

Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Wilson RS. Vitamin E and cognitive decline in older persons. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 1125-32.

Mukamal KJ, Kuller LH, Fitzpatrick AL, Longstreth WT, Mittleman MA, Siscovick, DS.
Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of dementia in older adults. JAMA 2003; 289: 1405-1413.

Murray MD, Lane KA, Gao S, Evans RM, Unverzagt FW, Hall KS, Hendrie H. Preservation of cognitive function with antihypertensive medications: a longitudinal analysis of a community-based sample of African Americans. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 2090-6.

Nichols L, Pike VW, Cai L, Innis RB. Imaging and In Vivo Quantitation of beta-Amyloid: An Exemplary Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease? Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Feb 15; [Epub ahead of print]

Nicoll JA, Wilkinson D, Holmes C, Steart P, Markham H, Weller RO. Neuropathology of human Alzheimer disease after immunization with amyloid-beta peptide: a case report. Nat Med 2003; 9: 448-52.

Olin J, Schneider L. Galantamine for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; 3: CD001747.

Papassotiropoulos A, Streffer JR, Tsolaki M, Schmid S, Thal D, Nicosia F, Iakovidou V, Maddalena A, Lutjohann D, Ghebremedhin E, Hegi T, Pasch T, Traxler M, Bruhl A, Benussi L, Binetti G, Braak H, Nitsch RM, Hock C. Increased brain beta-amyloid load, phosphorylated tau, and risk of Alzheimer disease associated with an intronic CYP46 polymorphism. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 29-35.

Petersen RC, Thomas RG, Grundman M, Bennett D, Doody R, Ferris S, Galasko D, Jin S, Kaye J, Levey A, Pfeiffer E, Sano M, van Dyck CH, Thal LJ; Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Group. Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N Engl J Med. 2005; 352(23): 2379-88.

Phiel CJ, Wilson CA, Lee VM, Klein PS. GSK-3alpha regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta peptides. Nature 2003; 423: 435-9.

Plassman BL, Havlik RJ, Steffens DC, Helms MJ, Newman TN, Drosdick D, Phillips C, Gau BA, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Burke JR, Guralnik JM, Breitner JC. Documented head injury in early adulthood and risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Neurology 2000; 55: 1158-66

Rapp SR, Espeland MA, Shumaker SA, Henderson VW, Brunner RL, Manson JE, Gass ML, Stefanick ML, Lane DS, Hays J, Johnson KC, Coker LH, Dailey M, Bowen D; WHIMS Investigators. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 289: 2663-72.

Rea TD, Breitner JC, Psaty BM et al. Statin use and the risk of incident dementia: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Neurol 2005; 62: 1047-51.

Reisberg B, Doody R, Stoffler A, Schmitt F, Ferris S, Mobius HJ; Memantine Study Group. Memantine in moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1333-41.

Rogers MA, Simon DG. A preliminary study of dietary aluminum intake and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Age Ageing 1999; 28: 205-9.

Rovio S, Kareholt I, Helkala EL, Viitanen M, Winblad B, Tuomilehto J, Soininen H, Nissinen A, Kivipelto M. Leisure-time physical activity at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2005; 4(11): 705-11.

Schenk D, Barbour R, Dunn W, Gordon G, Grajeda H, Guido T, Hu K, Huang J, Johnson-Wood K, Khan K, Kholodenko D, Lee M, Liao Z, Lieberburg I, Motter R, Mutter L, Soriano F, Shopp G, Vasquez N, Vandevert C, Walker S, Wogulis M, Yednock T, Games D, Seubert P. Immunization with amyloid-beta attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse. Nature 1999; 400: 173-7.

Sparks DL. Sabbagh MN. Connor DJ. Lopez J. Launer LJ. Browne P. Wasser D. Johnson-Traver S. Lochhead J. Ziolwolski C. Atorvastatin for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: preliminary results. Archives of Neurology. 62(5): 753-7, 2005.

Steiner H, Capell A, Leimer U, Haass C. Genes and mechanisms involved in beta-amyloid generation and Alzheimer's disease. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999; 249: 266-70.

Subramaniam R, Koppal T, Green M, Yatin S, Jordan B, Drake J, Butterfield DA. The free radical antioxidant vitamin E protects cortical synaptosomal membranes from amyloid beta-peptide(25-35) toxicity but not from hydroxynonenal toxicity: relevance to the free radical hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Res 1998; 23: 1403-10.

Uboga NV, Price JL. Formation of diffuse and fibrillar tangles in aging and early Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2000; 21: 1-10.

Verghese J, Lipton RB, Katz MJ, Hall CB, Derby CA, Kuslansky G, Ambrose AF, Sliwinski M, Buschke H. Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 2508-16.

Vermeer SE, Prins ND, den Heijer T, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MM. Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1215-22.

Vidal R, Calero M, Piccardo P, Farlow MR, Unverzagt FW, Mendez E, Jiminez-Huete A, Beavis R, Gallo G, Gomez-Tortosa E, Ghiso J, Hyman BT, Frangione B, Ghetti B. Senile dementia associated with amyloid beta protein angiopathy and tau perivascular pathology but not neuritic plaques in patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele. Acta Neuropath 2000; 100: 1-12.

Wang HX, Karp A, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. Late-life engagement in social and leisure activities is associated with a decreased risk of dementia: a longitudinal study from the Kungsholmen project. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 155: 1081-7.

Wang HX, Wahlin A, Basun H, Fastbom J, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. Vitamin B(12) and folate in relation to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 2001; 56: 1188-94.

Watson GS, Peskind ER, Asthana S, Purganan K, Wait C, Chapman D, Schwartz MW, Plymate S, Craft S. Insulin increases CSF Abeta42 levels in normal older adults. Neurology 2003; 60: 1899-1903.

Wolozin B, Kellman W, Ruosseau P, Celesia GG, Siegel G. Decreased prevalence of Alzheimer disease associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Arch Neurol 2000; 57: 1439-43.

Yaffe K, Barrett-Connor E, Lin F, Grady D. Serum lipoprotein levels, statin use, and cognitive function in older women. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 378-84.

Zandi PP, Anthony JC, Hayden KM, Mehta K, Mayer L, Breitner JC; Cache County Study Investigators. Reduced incidence of AD with NSAID but not H2 receptor antagonists: the Cache County Study. Neurology 2002; 59: 880-6.

Zandi PP, Sparks DL, Khachaturian AS et al. Do statins reduce risk of incident dementia and Alzheimer disease? The Cache County Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62: 217-24.

 

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